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        小學(xué)英語語法知識點(diǎn):比較過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

        來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 文章作者:奧數(shù)網(wǎng)整理 2018-11-13 19:20:27

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        小學(xué)英語語法知識點(diǎn):比較過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

          1)過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。

          2)過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用,或無時(shí)間狀語。

          一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語:

          yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時(shí)間狀語

          共同的時(shí)間狀語:

          this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately

          現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語:

          for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always,不確定的時(shí)間狀語

          3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.

          過去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。

          舉例:

          I saw this film yesterday.

         。◤(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了。)

          I have seen this film.

         。◤(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。)

          Why did you get up so early?

         。◤(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過了。)

          Who hasn‘t handed in his paper?

         。◤(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。)

          She has returned from Paris.

          她已從巴黎回來了。

          She returned yesterday.

          她是昨天回來了。

          He has been in the League for three years.

          (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))

          He has been a League member for three years.

          (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))

          He joined the League three years ago.

          ( 三年前入團(tuán),joined為短暫行為。)

          I have finished my homework now.

          Will somebody go and get Dr. White?

          He’s already been sent for.

          句子中如有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時(shí),不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要用過去時(shí)。

         。ㄥe(cuò))Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

          (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

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