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        小升初英語語法:判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

        來源:青島奧數(shù)網(wǎng)整理 2011-08-16 18:13:15

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          方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:

          This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。

          I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日子。

          判斷改錯(cuò):

         。ㄥe(cuò)) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

         。ㄥe(cuò)) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

         。▽(duì)) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

          (對(duì)) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

          習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

          方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。

          例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

          A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

          例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

          A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

          答案:例1 D,例2 A

          例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

          例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

          在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關(guān)系代詞,所以應(yīng)選D.

          而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對(duì),所以選A.

          關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí),選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí),應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點(diǎn)狀語,when 時(shí)間狀語,why 原因狀語) .

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